Thanks SaiksyApo 
You haven't been able to reproduce the 1) ?
It only happens when player 1 timeout (not when player 2 timeout).
I am sorry in advance, but I think that I just find another bug... XD
I think there is something wrong in CG computations. (If I am right, I am really surprised to be the first one to highlight this)
3) Math error
I have tried to have something easy to reproduce the issue:
Options:
seed=807222711
pod_per_player=2
pod_timeout=100
map=3608 5206 13596 7597 12464 1358 10518 5956
Output loop 1
Player 1
86385 60997 100
91225 53679 100
Player 2
0 0 0
0 0 0
Ouput loop 2
Player 1
65373 83577 100
71779 78875 100
Player 2
0 0 0
0 0 0
ERROR FOUND!
Data provided by CG
Pod id = 1 - position (3723.0 5853.0) - speed (121.0 95.0) - angle = 47.0
Computed data
Pod id = 1 - position (3722.0 5853.0) - speed (120.0 96.0) - angle = 47.0
I have manually performed the math, and the error seems to be in your side.
x = 3580, y = 5740, vx = 74, vy = 40
Output : x = 71779 y = 78875 Trust = 100
New vx = 74 + 100 * cos(47.0002057) = 142.199573
New vy = 40 + 100 * cos(47.0002057) = 113.135615
New x = 3580 + 142.199573 = 3722.19957
New y = 5740 + 113.135615 = 5853.13561
End loop leads to:
x = Round(3722.19957) = 3722
y = Round(5853.13561) = 5853
vx = Trunc(142.199573 x 0.85) = 120
vy = Trunc(113.135615 x 0.85) = 96
If you want I can help for the debug 
EDIT: Thanks PB, the issue is due to the angles! Angles are never rounded, the ones provided as input by CG are provided rounded (finally its like mars lander), to have the correct behaviour you have to keep the computed one 